Eunice Kennedy Shriver
Joseph P. Kennedy Foundation
For encouragement of national legislation to improve the care of the mentally retarded, and effective dedication to their cause.
Undaunted by public apathy and ignorance, Mrs. Shriver has, in the last few years, focused public attention on the problem of the mentally retarded, and has accomplished a revolution in research on the causes of mental retardation, the care of the retarded, and the acceptance of the retarded by family and community.
At her suggestion in 1962, John Fitzgerald Kennedy appointed a President's Panel on Mental Retardation to study the plight of the retarded and to give the nation a set of recommendations to bring these unfortunates out of the dark shadows of apathy and neglect. Mrs. Shriver was a tireless consultant to this panel.
As a result of her urging and efforts, Congress in 1963 enacted two monumental pieces of legislation aimed at correcting the decades of neglect of the mentally retarded. Public Law 88-156 broadened the definition of "crippled children" to include the retarded, and provided major increases in maternal and child health services, as well as grants, to 50 states for the development of comprehensive plans of action to combat mental retardation.
Public Law 88-164 provided funds for the construction of university research, service and training centers, community care centers and for training thousands of teachers in the care and education of the retarded.
Also, recognizing the primary need for research in the causes of mental retardation, she encouraged the late President Kennedy and Congress to initiate the establishment of a new institute—the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development—and served from 1963 to 1965 as one of the original members of its advisory council.
A member of the Board of Governors of the Menninger Foundation from 1954 to 1957, an active and pioneering social worker in Chicago in the 1950s, and executive vice-president of the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., Foundation since 1956, Mrs. Shriver has made an historic contribution in changing the focus of the Foundation's work—from its original concern for the care of the mentally retarded to a major concern for the prevention of retardation itself, through research.
For her leadership in the encouragement of national legislation against retardation, and the new hope she has brought to the blighted lives of millions, this Albert Lasker Public Service Award in Health is given.
